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Robot's Gentle Touch Aids Delicate Cancer Surgery
ScienceDaily (Aug. 24, 2009) — New, delicate surgery techniques to hunt for tumours could benefit from a lighter touch – but from a robot, rather than from a human hand. Canadian researchers have created a touchy-feely robot that detects tougher tumour tissue in half the time, and with 40% more accuracy than a human. The technique also minimises tissue damage.
See also:
Health & Medicine
* Today's Healthcare
* Obesity
Matter & Energy
* Robotics Research
* Medical Technology
Computers & Math
* Robotics
* Artificial Intelligence
Reference
* Laparoscopic surgery
* Robotic surgery
* Interventional radiology
* Minimally invasive procedure
Surgeons have developed new minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques and instruments so that procedures that would previously have required a large incision can now be performed through a tiny 10mm cut. These new methods reduce tissue damage and infection compared with more traditional surgery, and can reduce recovery times and costs.
However, researchers from the University of Western Ontario and Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR) in London, Ontario identified an issue in MIS, and have come up with a robotic solution, which they detail in the International Journal of Robotics Research, published today by SAGE.
Malignant tissue is usually stiffer than the surrounding tissue. Oncologists use scanning techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scanning pre-operatively to identify lesions. But tissues may shift during surgery, making it hard to rely on the position identified by the scan.
So instead surgeons use gentle pressure (palpation) to confirm where the tumour is, or to locate further tumours not picked up through scanning. But in MIS this can be very tricky due to access difficulties - as the surgeon must attempt to feel for harder tissue using long, slim instruments via a very small incision.
An alternative is to relay touch (haptic) cues via an instrument. Haptic cues include kinaesthetic information, relating to movement, which helps determine the shape and stiffness of an object, and tactile cues about surface textures. A variety of handheld sensors and grasping instruments have been developed since the mid 1990s for use in surgery, but these have the drawback that they do not in themselves control the amount of pressure used, nor do they position themselves correctly. Many are also too large for use in MIS.
Enter the robot-controlled palpating device: With cows' livers standing in for human tissue and 10mm and 5mm blobs of glue wrapped in wire representing tumours, the researchers compared palpation by surgeons, non-surgeons and the robot in the blinded trials. The researchers used a torque sensor to measure the force of the palpations.
Using tactile MIS sensing instruments under robotic control reduces the maximum force applied to the tissue by over 35% compared to a human controlling the same instrument. Accuracy in detecting the tumours was also far greater with the robot - between 59 and 90% depending on the robot control method used for palpation.
Unlike humans, the robot applies consistent force in each step, and moves over the tissue systematically. This produces a complete map, equivalent to one large pad applying ideal levels of force to the whole sample. (Similar to tactile sensors that have been developed to detect breast tumours.)
Humans do not know from one palpation to the next exactly how much force they are applying. This means some features are only highlighted because the surgeon is applying more force, or because the human user has changed the angle slightly between the instrument and the tissue. It is also easier to miss a tumour due to applying slightly lower force.
In fact both surgeons and non-surgeons were more likely to cause tissue damage than the robot. When a subject observed increased pressure on the visual display, they tended to focus on the area and apply even more force to see if what they had observed was a tumour. In the case of MIS, only a very small area can be palpated, which makes it challenging to compare adjacent areas and search for a tumour manually.
If developed further, the authors suggest that this type of instrument would particularly benefit surgeons performing lung tumour resection, where tissue often shifts significantly.
To develop the prototype robot for use in real MIS, the researchers plan to incorporate a design upgrade to include a flexible rotating head and a remote centre of motion. They would also add an improved interface to help surgeons overcome any fears about using robots in this type of surgery, and to allow them to increase the number of palpations around a suspicious area.
This means using robots during MIS to detect tumours is "not only feasible, but results in reduced tissue trauma and increased tumour detection," according to lead author Analuisa Trejos.
With one in eight deaths worldwide due to cancer, rising to one in four in North America, robots with a gentle touch may one day routinely offer a helping hand in cancer surgery.
Journal reference:
1. A.L. Trejos, J. Jayender, M.T. Perri, M.D. Naish, R.V. Patel and R.A. Malthaner. Robot-assisted Tactile Sensing for Minimally Invasive Tumor Localization. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 2009; 28 (9): 1118 DOI: 10.1177/0278364909101136
Adapted from materials provided by SAGE Publications UK, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
Email or share this story:
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Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats:
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MLA
SAGE Publications UK (2009, August 24). Robot's Gentle Touch Aids Delicate Cancer Surgery. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2009/08/090821135017.htm
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www.mie2009.org
Flexible robot arm
Low cost, light weight robot arm for industial use.
www.universal-robots.com
Bariatric Surgery Diet
After Weight Loss Surgery? Support for Bariatric Patients
www.joannemoff.com
Prostatectomy
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Related Stories
Robotic Approach To Urothelial Cancer Of The Kidney Proves To Be Beneficial For Patients (Apr. 26, 2009) — Robotic trained surgeons have developed a new and novel approach to surgically treat urothelial cancer (in the lining of the bladder or kidney). Using da Vinci robot-assisted technology, urologic ... > read more
Surgeons Perform First Robot-assisted Procedures In Weight Loss, Colon And Gastric Fields (Nov. 29, 2006) — UT Southwestern Medical Center surgeons are the first in North Texas to perform robotically assisted laparoscopic gastric-bypass and colon-resections ... > read more
New Surgery Improves Head And Neck Cancer Treatment (May 2, 2008) — Latest robotics surgery trend has made its debut in the ear, nose and throat specialty, where cancer and otolaryngology surgeons say the like the improved accuracy. Patients benefit from reduced ... > read more
Doctors Test Robotic Surgeon For Laparoscopy (Feb. 15, 2006) — Having a surgeon with four arms is one of the advantages of the latest robotic technology now being studied at UT Southwestern Medical Center. The $1.4 million robot named da Vinci can hold a ... > read more
Thyroid Surgery Performed Without Neck Incision, Scar (Mar. 2, 2009) — Surgeons have performed robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery to remove the thyroid gland without an incision or scar on the patient's ... > read more
Search ScienceDaily
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Patients are getting treatments and blogging about them openly..
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Specialist in packaging machines. Innovative and qualitative.
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Just In:
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Using Light To Teach Magnets New Tricks
Microchip Does 1,000 Chemical Reactions At Once
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Inner 'Fingerprint' For Personal Medical Care
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Oxycholesterol: Greatest Heart Disease Risk?
Oxycholesterol: Greatest Heart Disease Risk?
Science Video News
Breakthrough Brain Surgery
For more than a century, neurosurgeons have accessed the brain through the nose, but only recently did they successfully removed tumors with such. ... > full story
* Thoracic Surgeons Introduce Less-Invasive Cancer Removal
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* Surgeons Combine Heat, Chemistry to Bolster Anti-Cancer Drugs
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* Malaysian state to cane woman after Ramadan
* Fire-fighters, planes battle wildfires near Athens
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* Facebook to boost staff by 50% in 2009: report
* U.S. presses sanctions to end N.Korea atomic plans
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ScienceDaily: Your source for the latest research news and science breakthroughs -- updated daily
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Robot's Gentle Touch Aids Delicate Cancer Surgery
ScienceDaily (Aug. 24, 2009) — New, delicate surgery techniques to hunt for tumours could benefit from a lighter touch – but from a robot, rather than from a human hand. Canadian researchers have created a touchy-feely robot that detects tougher tumour tissue in half the time, and with 40% more accuracy than a human. The technique also minimises tissue damage.
See also:
Health & Medicine
* Today's Healthcare
* Obesity
Matter & Energy
* Robotics Research
* Medical Technology
Computers & Math
* Robotics
* Artificial Intelligence
Reference
* Laparoscopic surgery
* Robotic surgery
* Interventional radiology
* Minimally invasive procedure
Surgeons have developed new minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques and instruments so that procedures that would previously have required a large incision can now be performed through a tiny 10mm cut. These new methods reduce tissue damage and infection compared with more traditional surgery, and can reduce recovery times and costs.
However, researchers from the University of Western Ontario and Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics (CSTAR) in London, Ontario identified an issue in MIS, and have come up with a robotic solution, which they detail in the International Journal of Robotics Research, published today by SAGE.
Malignant tissue is usually stiffer than the surrounding tissue. Oncologists use scanning techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scanning pre-operatively to identify lesions. But tissues may shift during surgery, making it hard to rely on the position identified by the scan.
So instead surgeons use gentle pressure (palpation) to confirm where the tumour is, or to locate further tumours not picked up through scanning. But in MIS this can be very tricky due to access difficulties - as the surgeon must attempt to feel for harder tissue using long, slim instruments via a very small incision.
An alternative is to relay touch (haptic) cues via an instrument. Haptic cues include kinaesthetic information, relating to movement, which helps determine the shape and stiffness of an object, and tactile cues about surface textures. A variety of handheld sensors and grasping instruments have been developed since the mid 1990s for use in surgery, but these have the drawback that they do not in themselves control the amount of pressure used, nor do they position themselves correctly. Many are also too large for use in MIS.
Enter the robot-controlled palpating device: With cows' livers standing in for human tissue and 10mm and 5mm blobs of glue wrapped in wire representing tumours, the researchers compared palpation by surgeons, non-surgeons and the robot in the blinded trials. The researchers used a torque sensor to measure the force of the palpations.
Using tactile MIS sensing instruments under robotic control reduces the maximum force applied to the tissue by over 35% compared to a human controlling the same instrument. Accuracy in detecting the tumours was also far greater with the robot - between 59 and 90% depending on the robot control method used for palpation.
Unlike humans, the robot applies consistent force in each step, and moves over the tissue systematically. This produces a complete map, equivalent to one large pad applying ideal levels of force to the whole sample. (Similar to tactile sensors that have been developed to detect breast tumours.)
Humans do not know from one palpation to the next exactly how much force they are applying. This means some features are only highlighted because the surgeon is applying more force, or because the human user has changed the angle slightly between the instrument and the tissue. It is also easier to miss a tumour due to applying slightly lower force.
In fact both surgeons and non-surgeons were more likely to cause tissue damage than the robot. When a subject observed increased pressure on the visual display, they tended to focus on the area and apply even more force to see if what they had observed was a tumour. In the case of MIS, only a very small area can be palpated, which makes it challenging to compare adjacent areas and search for a tumour manually.
If developed further, the authors suggest that this type of instrument would particularly benefit surgeons performing lung tumour resection, where tissue often shifts significantly.
To develop the prototype robot for use in real MIS, the researchers plan to incorporate a design upgrade to include a flexible rotating head and a remote centre of motion. They would also add an improved interface to help surgeons overcome any fears about using robots in this type of surgery, and to allow them to increase the number of palpations around a suspicious area.
This means using robots during MIS to detect tumours is "not only feasible, but results in reduced tissue trauma and increased tumour detection," according to lead author Analuisa Trejos.
With one in eight deaths worldwide due to cancer, rising to one in four in North America, robots with a gentle touch may one day routinely offer a helping hand in cancer surgery.
Journal reference:
1. A.L. Trejos, J. Jayender, M.T. Perri, M.D. Naish, R.V. Patel and R.A. Malthaner. Robot-assisted Tactile Sensing for Minimally Invasive Tumor Localization. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 2009; 28 (9): 1118 DOI: 10.1177/0278364909101136
Adapted from materials provided by SAGE Publications UK, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
Email or share this story:
| More
Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats:
APA
MLA
SAGE Publications UK (2009, August 24). Robot's Gentle Touch Aids Delicate Cancer Surgery. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2009/08/090821135017.htm
Ads by Google
Advertise here
EFMI MIE2009 in Sarajevo
The Medical Informatics Event Join us in Sarajevo Aug 30 - Sep 2
www.mie2009.org
Flexible robot arm
Low cost, light weight robot arm for industial use.
www.universal-robots.com
Bariatric Surgery Diet
After Weight Loss Surgery? Support for Bariatric Patients
www.joannemoff.com
Prostatectomy
Quality Healthcare By The Utmost Medical Specialists In Israel
www.Shemere.co.il
Pericole sexuale
Lipsa de informare poate duce la deces. Afla mai mult!
www.informarehpv.ro
Related Stories
Robotic Approach To Urothelial Cancer Of The Kidney Proves To Be Beneficial For Patients (Apr. 26, 2009) — Robotic trained surgeons have developed a new and novel approach to surgically treat urothelial cancer (in the lining of the bladder or kidney). Using da Vinci robot-assisted technology, urologic ... > read more
Surgeons Perform First Robot-assisted Procedures In Weight Loss, Colon And Gastric Fields (Nov. 29, 2006) — UT Southwestern Medical Center surgeons are the first in North Texas to perform robotically assisted laparoscopic gastric-bypass and colon-resections ... > read more
New Surgery Improves Head And Neck Cancer Treatment (May 2, 2008) — Latest robotics surgery trend has made its debut in the ear, nose and throat specialty, where cancer and otolaryngology surgeons say the like the improved accuracy. Patients benefit from reduced ... > read more
Doctors Test Robotic Surgeon For Laparoscopy (Feb. 15, 2006) — Having a surgeon with four arms is one of the advantages of the latest robotic technology now being studied at UT Southwestern Medical Center. The $1.4 million robot named da Vinci can hold a ... > read more
Thyroid Surgery Performed Without Neck Incision, Scar (Mar. 2, 2009) — Surgeons have performed robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery to remove the thyroid gland without an incision or scar on the patient's ... > read more
Search ScienceDaily
Number of stories in archives: 44,032
Find with keyword(s):
Enter a keyword or phrase to search ScienceDaily's archives for related news topics,
the latest news stories, reference articles, science videos, images, and books.
Ads by Google
Advertise here
HospiMedica
Daily Surgery News Sign Up For Free!
www.HospiMedica.com
China = Stem Cell Leaders
Patients are getting treatments and blogging about them openly..
www.stemcellschina.com
Mesken Haule
Specialist in packaging machines. Innovative and qualitative.
www.mesken-haule.com
Just In:
Lightning's Mirror Image ... Only Much Bigger
Using Light To Teach Magnets New Tricks
Microchip Does 1,000 Chemical Reactions At Once
Naming Evolution's Winners And Losers
Inner 'Fingerprint' For Personal Medical Care
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Ultrathin LEDs: New Class Of Displays
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Science Video News
Breakthrough Brain Surgery
For more than a century, neurosurgeons have accessed the brain through the nose, but only recently did they successfully removed tumors with such. ... > full story
* Thoracic Surgeons Introduce Less-Invasive Cancer Removal
* Mechanical Engineers Have New Bug-Inspired Robot That Senses Its Way With Flexible Antenna
* Surgeons Combine Heat, Chemistry to Bolster Anti-Cancer Drugs
* more science videos
Breaking News
... from NewsDaily.com
* S.Korea seeks 4-year prison term for stem cell fraud
* Encyclopedia of Life grows; clues on ageing, pests
* Satellites put into orbit for Japan and Australia
* Scientists make "sugar bug" drug for bowel disease
* Gene swap experiment makes altering bugs easier
* more science news
In Other News ...
* Malaysian state to cane woman after Ramadan
* Fire-fighters, planes battle wildfires near Athens
* Justice Dept advises pursuing CIA abuses: report
* Suspect in U.S. model murder found dead in Canada
* Facebook to boost staff by 50% in 2009: report
* U.S. presses sanctions to end N.Korea atomic plans
* Singapore shoots down "rumor" of APEC attack plot
* Hurricane Bill kills 2 in U.S., drenches eastern Canada
* more top news
Copyright Reuters 2008. See Restrictions.
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