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New Pheromone Helps Female Flies Tell Suitors To 'Buzz Off'
ScienceDaily (Aug. 22, 2009) — There she is again: the cute girl at the mall. Big eyes. Long legs. She smiles at you. You're about to make your move… but wait! What's she wearing? It's a letterman jacket, one clearly belonging to a hulking football player named "Steve." This girl is taken. Wisely, you move on.
See also:
Plants & Animals
* Behavioral Science
* New Species
* Mating and Breeding
Earth & Climate
* Geochemistry
* Earth Science
* Environmental Policy
Reference
* Pheromone
* Housefly
* Drosophila melanogaster
* Fly
Countless teen movies have told the same tale, but behind the fiction is an essential, biological reality: Humans base their behavioral decisions, such as whom to court, on cues gleaned from their environment. The same holds true for all of the animal world, as a paper due to be published this week in Current Biology reminds us. In it, Harvard Medical School (HMS) researchers, along with German colleagues, report on a newly discovered pheromone produced by male fruit flies. They found that the pheromone, which they named CH503 for its molecular mass, acts as the chemical equivalent of the "letterman jacket" when transferred to females during the mating process. CH503 remains on the female's outer body, warding off male suitors for at least a week. This anti-aphrodisiac effect helps to account for previously noted mating behaviors in fruit flies that have until now gone unexplained.
Researchers discovered this unexpectedly while using a new form of high-resolution laser mass spectrometry to scan distinct regions on the fruit flies' cuticle, or surface. Joanne Yew, at the time a postdoc in the lab of HMS Neurobiology professor Edward Kravitz, teamed with Klaus Dreisewerd and colleagues at the University of Münster for the study. They used the refined instrumentation, which allowed them to focus an ultraviolet, high-intensity laser on an area as small as 200 micrometers in diameter, to analyze and compare the chemical make-up of each discrete region. The new technology allowed the team to view the flies at high spatial resolution for the first time, and led to the discovery of nearly 30 new compounds not previously detected by traditional methods.
According to Yew, the technology also revealed a difference in the pheromone profiles of the leg and genital regions of the fruit flies. Among the compounds they found almost exclusively in the male genital region was cis-vaccenyl acetate (cVA), which has long been known to work as an anti-aphrodisiac in fruit flies when transferred to females during mating. A second compound -- the hydrocarbon they came to identify as CH503 -- was also discovered in the male genital region. Mass spectrometry revealed that this newly discovered compound was passed on to females during copulation, and remained on the surface of their bodies for at least 10 days after successful mating.
This led the researchers to hypothesize that the new compound might be the missing piece to a longstanding behavioral puzzle: The anti-aphrodisiac effects of copulation have been observed to last for over a week in fruit flies, even though cVA only stays active on the female for 24 hours. To test their theory, Yew's team "perfumed virgin females with [CH503] and found that having this compound on the female's surface inhibited courtship in males."
Dr. Kravitz said of the findings, "Everyone already knew from behavioral experiments that the anti-aphrodisiac effects on female fruit flies can last up to a week, so it may be that this compound, CH503, explains why you have anti-aphrodisiac effects that last much longer. It also makes clear that cVA is only part of the story."
The researchers hypothesize that their method might one day be used to identify pheromones from health-related insects such as mosquitoes, with possible implications for population control.
This research is funded by a Human Frontier Science Program short-term fellowship; a National Institute of Mental Health National Research Service Award; and research grants from the National Institute of General Sciences, the National Science Foundation, and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
Journal reference:
1. Joanne Y. Yew et al. A new male sex-pheromone and novel cuticular cues for chemical communication in Drosophila. Current Biology, Online July 16, 2009
Adapted from materials provided by Harvard Medical School, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
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Related Stories
Past Experience Of Pheromones Induces Dominant Courtship Behavior In Fruit Flies (Oct. 12, 2005) — By investigating the interplay between pheromone signaling and behavior in fruit flies, researchers have begun to understand how an adult fly's earlier experience as a young individual can influence ... > read more
One Missing Gene Leads To Fruitless Mating Rituals (July 25, 2008) — Male fruit flies missing a gene for one particular odor receptor become clueless in matters of love, scientists have discovered. Because they lack the ability to read important chemical cues, these ... > read more
New Insights Into Health And Environmental Effects Of Carbon Nanoparticles (Aug. 6, 2009) — A new study raises the possibility that flies and other insects that encounter nanomaterial "hot spots," or spills, near manufacturing facilities in the future could pick up and transport ... > read more
Olfactory Fine-tuning Helps Fruit Flies Find Their Mates (Aug. 2, 2008) — Fruit flies fine-tune their olfactory systems by recalibrating the sensitivity of different odor channels in response to changing concentrations of environmental cues, a new study has shown. Disable ... > read more
Fruit Flies Tricked Into Thinking That Silkworm Moths Are Potential Mates (Oct. 30, 2006) — It's all about "the birds and the bees." And now, "the silkworm moths and the fruit flies." A chemical ecologist and a genetics researcher at the University of California, Davis, have joined forces ... > read more
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Share Blog Cite
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New Pheromone Helps Female Flies Tell Suitors To 'Buzz Off'
ScienceDaily (Aug. 22, 2009) — There she is again: the cute girl at the mall. Big eyes. Long legs. She smiles at you. You're about to make your move… but wait! What's she wearing? It's a letterman jacket, one clearly belonging to a hulking football player named "Steve." This girl is taken. Wisely, you move on.
See also:
Plants & Animals
* Behavioral Science
* New Species
* Mating and Breeding
Earth & Climate
* Geochemistry
* Earth Science
* Environmental Policy
Reference
* Pheromone
* Housefly
* Drosophila melanogaster
* Fly
Countless teen movies have told the same tale, but behind the fiction is an essential, biological reality: Humans base their behavioral decisions, such as whom to court, on cues gleaned from their environment. The same holds true for all of the animal world, as a paper due to be published this week in Current Biology reminds us. In it, Harvard Medical School (HMS) researchers, along with German colleagues, report on a newly discovered pheromone produced by male fruit flies. They found that the pheromone, which they named CH503 for its molecular mass, acts as the chemical equivalent of the "letterman jacket" when transferred to females during the mating process. CH503 remains on the female's outer body, warding off male suitors for at least a week. This anti-aphrodisiac effect helps to account for previously noted mating behaviors in fruit flies that have until now gone unexplained.
Researchers discovered this unexpectedly while using a new form of high-resolution laser mass spectrometry to scan distinct regions on the fruit flies' cuticle, or surface. Joanne Yew, at the time a postdoc in the lab of HMS Neurobiology professor Edward Kravitz, teamed with Klaus Dreisewerd and colleagues at the University of Münster for the study. They used the refined instrumentation, which allowed them to focus an ultraviolet, high-intensity laser on an area as small as 200 micrometers in diameter, to analyze and compare the chemical make-up of each discrete region. The new technology allowed the team to view the flies at high spatial resolution for the first time, and led to the discovery of nearly 30 new compounds not previously detected by traditional methods.
According to Yew, the technology also revealed a difference in the pheromone profiles of the leg and genital regions of the fruit flies. Among the compounds they found almost exclusively in the male genital region was cis-vaccenyl acetate (cVA), which has long been known to work as an anti-aphrodisiac in fruit flies when transferred to females during mating. A second compound -- the hydrocarbon they came to identify as CH503 -- was also discovered in the male genital region. Mass spectrometry revealed that this newly discovered compound was passed on to females during copulation, and remained on the surface of their bodies for at least 10 days after successful mating.
This led the researchers to hypothesize that the new compound might be the missing piece to a longstanding behavioral puzzle: The anti-aphrodisiac effects of copulation have been observed to last for over a week in fruit flies, even though cVA only stays active on the female for 24 hours. To test their theory, Yew's team "perfumed virgin females with [CH503] and found that having this compound on the female's surface inhibited courtship in males."
Dr. Kravitz said of the findings, "Everyone already knew from behavioral experiments that the anti-aphrodisiac effects on female fruit flies can last up to a week, so it may be that this compound, CH503, explains why you have anti-aphrodisiac effects that last much longer. It also makes clear that cVA is only part of the story."
The researchers hypothesize that their method might one day be used to identify pheromones from health-related insects such as mosquitoes, with possible implications for population control.
This research is funded by a Human Frontier Science Program short-term fellowship; a National Institute of Mental Health National Research Service Award; and research grants from the National Institute of General Sciences, the National Science Foundation, and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
Journal reference:
1. Joanne Y. Yew et al. A new male sex-pheromone and novel cuticular cues for chemical communication in Drosophila. Current Biology, Online July 16, 2009
Adapted from materials provided by Harvard Medical School, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
Email or share this story:
| More
Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats:
APA
MLA
Related Stories
Past Experience Of Pheromones Induces Dominant Courtship Behavior In Fruit Flies (Oct. 12, 2005) — By investigating the interplay between pheromone signaling and behavior in fruit flies, researchers have begun to understand how an adult fly's earlier experience as a young individual can influence ... > read more
One Missing Gene Leads To Fruitless Mating Rituals (July 25, 2008) — Male fruit flies missing a gene for one particular odor receptor become clueless in matters of love, scientists have discovered. Because they lack the ability to read important chemical cues, these ... > read more
New Insights Into Health And Environmental Effects Of Carbon Nanoparticles (Aug. 6, 2009) — A new study raises the possibility that flies and other insects that encounter nanomaterial "hot spots," or spills, near manufacturing facilities in the future could pick up and transport ... > read more
Olfactory Fine-tuning Helps Fruit Flies Find Their Mates (Aug. 2, 2008) — Fruit flies fine-tune their olfactory systems by recalibrating the sensitivity of different odor channels in response to changing concentrations of environmental cues, a new study has shown. Disable ... > read more
Fruit Flies Tricked Into Thinking That Silkworm Moths Are Potential Mates (Oct. 30, 2006) — It's all about "the birds and the bees." And now, "the silkworm moths and the fruit flies." A chemical ecologist and a genetics researcher at the University of California, Davis, have joined forces ... > read more
Search ScienceDaily
Number of stories in archives: 44,032
Find with keyword(s):
Enter a keyword or phrase to search ScienceDaily's archives for related news topics,
the latest news stories, reference articles, science videos, images, and books.
Just In:
Lightning's Mirror Image ... Only Much Bigger
Using Light To Teach Magnets New Tricks
Microchip Does 1,000 Chemical Reactions At Once
Naming Evolution's Winners And Losers
Inner 'Fingerprint' For Personal Medical Care
Why Sleep? To Boost Efficiency, Minimize Risk
Ultrathin LEDs: New Class Of Displays
Oxycholesterol: Greatest Heart Disease Risk?
Science Video News
Cloned Apples
Grafting -- an ancient way of cloning plants -- enables plant scientists to create new varieties of apples. The selected genetic traits allow trees. ... > full story
* An Interactive, 3D Voyage into Human Anatomy
* Sea Urchins' Genetics Add To Knowledge Of Cancer, Alzheimer's And Infertility
* Electrical Engineers Use Regional Airliners To Increase Weather Forecasting Accuracy
* more science videos
Breaking News
... from NewsDaily.com
* S.Korea seeks 4-year prison term for stem cell fraud
* Encyclopedia of Life grows; clues on ageing, pests
* Satellites put into orbit for Japan and Australia
* Scientists make "sugar bug" drug for bowel disease
* Gene swap experiment makes altering bugs easier
* more science news
In Other News ...
* Suspect in U.S. model murder found dead in Canada
* Netanyahu sees talks with Palestinians in 2 months
* Storm Bill loses steam in North Atlantic
* Fires near Athens recede after 3-day inferno
* Malaysian state to cane woman after Ramadan
* Justice Dept advises pursuing CIA abuses: report
* Facebook to boost staff by 50% in 2009: report
* U.S. presses sanctions to end N.Korea atomic plans
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Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.roAm vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro
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