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Designing A Lunar Telescope To See Into The Dark Ages
ScienceDaily (Mar. 15, 2008) — A team of scientists and engineers led by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) will study how to design a telescope on the Moon for peering into the last unexplored epoch in the Universe's history. NASA has announced that it will sponsor a series of studies focusing on next-generation space missions for astronomy. These studies will contribute to the Decadal Survey, an effort undertaken every 10 years by astronomers and physicists to help establish priorities for future research directions in astronomy and astrophysics. The upcoming Decadal Survey occurs over the next two years.
See also:
Space & Time
* Astrophysics
* Space Exploration
* Space Telescopes
* Moon
* NASA
* Astronomy
Reference
* Supergiant
* Radio telescope
* Astrophysics
* Space observatory
Among the missions to be studied is the Dark Ages Lunar Interferometer (DALI), the NRL-led concept for a telescope based on the Moon and studying an era of the young Universe, during the first 100 million years of its existence. Although the night sky is filled with stars, these stars did not form instantaneously after the Big Bang. There was an interval, now called the "Dark Ages," in which the Universe was unlit by any star.
The most abundant element in the Universe, and the raw material from which stars, planets, and people are formed, is hydrogen. Fortunately, the hydrogen atom can produce a signal in the radio-wavelength part of the spectrum, at 21 cm; a wavelength far longer than what the human eye can detect. If these first signals from hydrogen atoms in the Dark Ages can be detected, astronomers can essentially probe how the first stars, the first galaxies, and ultimately the modern Universe evolved.
Because the Universe is expanding, the signals from these distant hydrogen atoms will be stretched (or redshifted) to much longer wavelengths, as large as several meters. While astronomical observations at radio wavelengths have a long history, this portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is now heavily used for various civil and military transmissions, all of which are millions of times brighter than the hydrogen signal that astronomers seek to detect. Additionally, the upper layers of the Earth's atmosphere are ionized (the ionosphere), which introduce distortions into astronomical signals as they pass through on their way to telescopes on the ground.
With no atmosphere and shielding from the Earth, the far side of the Moon presents a nearly ideal environment for a sensitive Dark Ages telescope. In NRL's DALI concept, scientists and engineers will investigate novel antenna constructions, methods to deploy the antennas, electronics that can survive in the harsh lunar environment, and related technology in preparation for developing a roadmap for research and development of a lunar telescope over the next decade. The team will also build on their experience in developing the Radio Observatory for Lunar Sortie Science, a NASA-funded study of a pathfinding array that would be located on the near side of the Moon.
The project leader at NRL, Dr. Joseph Lazio, pointed out that DALI will be one of the most powerful telescopes ever built and will bring us closer than we have ever been to understanding where our Universe came from and where it is going. "Probing the Dark Ages presents the opportunity to watch the young Universe evolve," Dr. Lazio said. "Just as current cosmological studies have both fascinated and surprised us, I anticipate that DALI will lead both to increased understanding of the Universe and unexpected discoveries."
When asked about the program, NRL Senior Astronomer Dr. Kurt Weiler remarked: "Building telescopes on the Moon is clearly a long-term project, but I am very excited about us getting started on this proposal."
Scientists and engineers from institutions and NASA centers around the country are participating in the Dark Ages Lunar Interferometer study, including NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Caltech/Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the University of Colorado, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, University of California-Los Angeles, University of California-Berkeley, the University of New Mexico, and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (VA Tech).
Adapted from materials provided by Naval Research Laboratory.
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The crater Tsiolkovsky is a relatively level region on the far side of the Moon. A lander would deposit a series of rovers, which would then move out and unroll a set of arms containing individual antennas. The astronomical signals picked up by the antennas would be transmitted to back to the central lander for processing. (Credit: NRL)
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Related Stories
Study Shows Moon In New Light (Feb. 7, 2007) — Light has been shed on the dark parts of the Moon with experiments by University of Edinburgh researchers simulating billions of years of lunar ... > read more
Arecibo Begins Search For Dark Galaxies (Feb. 11, 2005) — Fitted with a new compound eye, the Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico last week began a multiyear effort to survey all the galaxies in a large swath of sky out to a distance of 800 million light ... > read more
Hubble Finds Evidence For Dark Energy In The Young Universe (Nov. 16, 2006) — Scientists using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have discovered that dark energy is not a new constituent of space, but rather has been present for most of the universe's history. Dark energy is a ... > read more
Seeing The Invisible. First Dark Galaxy Discovered? (Feb. 25, 2005) — A British-led team of astronomers using The University of Manchester's Lovell Telescope in Cheshire have discovered an object that appears to be an invisible galaxy made almost entirely of dark ... > read more
Gravitational Lensing: Astronomers Harness Einstein’s Telescope (Feb. 24, 2009) — Scientists are harnessing the cosmos as a scientific "instrument" in their quest to determine the makeup of the universe. Long ago Einstein recognized the potential existence of gravitational ... > read more
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Designing A Lunar Telescope To See Into The Dark Ages
ScienceDaily (Mar. 15, 2008) — A team of scientists and engineers led by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) will study how to design a telescope on the Moon for peering into the last unexplored epoch in the Universe's history. NASA has announced that it will sponsor a series of studies focusing on next-generation space missions for astronomy. These studies will contribute to the Decadal Survey, an effort undertaken every 10 years by astronomers and physicists to help establish priorities for future research directions in astronomy and astrophysics. The upcoming Decadal Survey occurs over the next two years.
See also:
Space & Time
* Astrophysics
* Space Exploration
* Space Telescopes
* Moon
* NASA
* Astronomy
Reference
* Supergiant
* Radio telescope
* Astrophysics
* Space observatory
Among the missions to be studied is the Dark Ages Lunar Interferometer (DALI), the NRL-led concept for a telescope based on the Moon and studying an era of the young Universe, during the first 100 million years of its existence. Although the night sky is filled with stars, these stars did not form instantaneously after the Big Bang. There was an interval, now called the "Dark Ages," in which the Universe was unlit by any star.
The most abundant element in the Universe, and the raw material from which stars, planets, and people are formed, is hydrogen. Fortunately, the hydrogen atom can produce a signal in the radio-wavelength part of the spectrum, at 21 cm; a wavelength far longer than what the human eye can detect. If these first signals from hydrogen atoms in the Dark Ages can be detected, astronomers can essentially probe how the first stars, the first galaxies, and ultimately the modern Universe evolved.
Because the Universe is expanding, the signals from these distant hydrogen atoms will be stretched (or redshifted) to much longer wavelengths, as large as several meters. While astronomical observations at radio wavelengths have a long history, this portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is now heavily used for various civil and military transmissions, all of which are millions of times brighter than the hydrogen signal that astronomers seek to detect. Additionally, the upper layers of the Earth's atmosphere are ionized (the ionosphere), which introduce distortions into astronomical signals as they pass through on their way to telescopes on the ground.
With no atmosphere and shielding from the Earth, the far side of the Moon presents a nearly ideal environment for a sensitive Dark Ages telescope. In NRL's DALI concept, scientists and engineers will investigate novel antenna constructions, methods to deploy the antennas, electronics that can survive in the harsh lunar environment, and related technology in preparation for developing a roadmap for research and development of a lunar telescope over the next decade. The team will also build on their experience in developing the Radio Observatory for Lunar Sortie Science, a NASA-funded study of a pathfinding array that would be located on the near side of the Moon.
The project leader at NRL, Dr. Joseph Lazio, pointed out that DALI will be one of the most powerful telescopes ever built and will bring us closer than we have ever been to understanding where our Universe came from and where it is going. "Probing the Dark Ages presents the opportunity to watch the young Universe evolve," Dr. Lazio said. "Just as current cosmological studies have both fascinated and surprised us, I anticipate that DALI will lead both to increased understanding of the Universe and unexpected discoveries."
When asked about the program, NRL Senior Astronomer Dr. Kurt Weiler remarked: "Building telescopes on the Moon is clearly a long-term project, but I am very excited about us getting started on this proposal."
Scientists and engineers from institutions and NASA centers around the country are participating in the Dark Ages Lunar Interferometer study, including NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Caltech/Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the University of Colorado, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, University of California-Los Angeles, University of California-Berkeley, the University of New Mexico, and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (VA Tech).
Adapted from materials provided by Naval Research Laboratory.
Email or share this story:
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Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats:
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Naval Research Laboratory (2008, March 15). Designing A Lunar Telescope To See Into The Dark Ages. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2008/03/080311124548.htm
enlarge
The crater Tsiolkovsky is a relatively level region on the far side of the Moon. A lander would deposit a series of rovers, which would then move out and unroll a set of arms containing individual antennas. The astronomical signals picked up by the antennas would be transmitted to back to the central lander for processing. (Credit: NRL)
Ads by Google
Advertise here
Moartea microscopica
Un virus necrutator ameninta femeile. Afla mai mult!
www.informarehpv.ro
Unix Planetarium Software
Star charts: Comets, Asteroids, Satellites, Planets, Time plots
www.xephem.com
Astronomy telescope
Telescopes selected by ex-NASA Hubble staff, recommended by Moore.
CuriousMinds.co.uk/Telescopes
Telescopes
Europe's big telescopes shop. 1,000 items on stock. 24h shipping.
www.astroshop.eu/telescopes
Int. Diabetes Monitor
A free online review journal on trends in clinical diabetes.
InternationalDiabetesMonitor.com
Related Stories
Study Shows Moon In New Light (Feb. 7, 2007) — Light has been shed on the dark parts of the Moon with experiments by University of Edinburgh researchers simulating billions of years of lunar ... > read more
Arecibo Begins Search For Dark Galaxies (Feb. 11, 2005) — Fitted with a new compound eye, the Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico last week began a multiyear effort to survey all the galaxies in a large swath of sky out to a distance of 800 million light ... > read more
Hubble Finds Evidence For Dark Energy In The Young Universe (Nov. 16, 2006) — Scientists using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have discovered that dark energy is not a new constituent of space, but rather has been present for most of the universe's history. Dark energy is a ... > read more
Seeing The Invisible. First Dark Galaxy Discovered? (Feb. 25, 2005) — A British-led team of astronomers using The University of Manchester's Lovell Telescope in Cheshire have discovered an object that appears to be an invisible galaxy made almost entirely of dark ... > read more
Gravitational Lensing: Astronomers Harness Einstein’s Telescope (Feb. 24, 2009) — Scientists are harnessing the cosmos as a scientific "instrument" in their quest to determine the makeup of the universe. Long ago Einstein recognized the potential existence of gravitational ... > read more
Search ScienceDaily
Number of stories in archives: 44,032
Find with keyword(s):
Enter a keyword or phrase to search ScienceDaily's archives for related news topics,
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"How To Lose Belly Fat"
Lose 1 Jean Size Every 7 Days! As Seen on CNN.
www.AppliedNutritionalResearch.com
NASA uses TracePro & OSLO
for design & analyzing many of its notable Optical systems.Try it, too
www.lambdares.com
X-Ray Astronomy A/D
Digitize radio astronomy signals with high resolution PCI A/D boards
acquisitionlogic.com
Just In:
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Ultrathin LEDs: New Class Of Displays
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Bioluminescent 'Green Bombers' From The Deep
Science Video News
First Stars In The Universe
Astronomers removed light from closer and better known galaxies and stars from pictures taken with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The remaining images. ... > full story
* Astrophysicists Search Skies For A Moon Like Earth's
* Planetary Scientists Use Hubble to Spot Oxygen-Rich Soil on Moon
* Astronomers Explain New Double Star In Western Sky
* more science videos
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* Encyclopedia of Life grows; clues on ageing, pests
* Satellites put into orbit for Japan and Australia
* Scientists make "sugar bug" drug for bowel disease
* Gene swap experiment makes altering bugs easier
* Mercury-tainted fish found widely in U.S. streams
* more science news
In Other News ...
* Roubini sees "big risk" of double-dip recession: report
* Warner Chilcott in $3 bln deal for P&G drug unit: report
* Democrats may duck health care foes in Senate
* Wildfire rages near Athens, thousands flee
* Afghan challenger says election "widely rigged"
* Hurricane Bill brings rain, wind to eastern Canada
* Cuba publishes photo of fit-looking Fidel Castro
* UBS chairman says clients "not harmless victims": report
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* cc to self
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