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Astronomers Discover Largest-ever Dark Matter Structures Spanning 270M Light-years
ScienceDaily (Feb. 22, 2008) — A University of British Columbia astronomer with an international team has discovered the largest structures of dark matter ever seen. Measuring 270 million light-years across, these dark matter structures criss-cross the night sky, each spanning an area that is eight times larger than the full moon.
See also:
Space & Time
* Dark Matter
* Astronomy
* Astrophysics
* Sun
* Cosmology
* Cosmic Rays
Reference
* Large-scale structure of the cosmos
* Astrophysics
* Galaxy formation and evolution
* Dark matter
"The results are a major leap forward since the presence of a cosmic dark matter web that extends over such large distances has never been observed before," says Ludovic Van Waerbeke, an assistant professor in the Dept. of Physics and Astronomy.
To glimpse the unseen structures, the team of French and Canadian scientists "X-rayed" the dark matter, an invisible web that makes up more than 80 per cent of the mass of the universe.
The team used a recently developed technique called "weak gravitational lensing," which is similar to taking an X-ray of the body to reveal the underlying skeleton. The study relied on data gathered from the world's largest digital camera.
"This new knowledge is crucial for us to understand the history and evolution of the cosmos," says Van Waerbeke. "Such a tool will also enable us to glimpse a little more of the nature of dark matter."
The astronomers observed how light from distant galaxies is bent and distorted by webs of dark matter as it travels toward Earth. They then mapped dark matter structures by measuring the distortions seen in these galaxy light patterns.
The study involved 19 researchers from 11 institutions and was led by UBC, the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, the Universite Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) and the University of Victoria. Van Waerbeke and his co-authors will publish their findings in a forthcoming issue of the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics. The submission can be seen at: http://arxiv.org/abs/0712.0884.
The team spent several years developing the gravitational lensing tool, which is one of the major goals of the Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope (CFHT) Legacy Survey.
The gravitational lensing technique also played a pivotal role in another recent UBC first: UBC astrophysicist Catherine Heymans and Van Waerbeke produced jointly with an international team the highest resolution map ever of dark matter.
Adapted from materials provided by University of British Columbia, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
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University of British Columbia (2008, February 22). Astronomers Discover Largest-ever Dark Matter Structures Spanning 270M Light-years. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2008/02/080221121109.htm
This older image shows how dark matter (blue) has become separated from luminous matter (red) in the bullet cluster. Astronomers have now discovered the largest structures of dark matter ever seen. (Credit: Image courtesy of Chandra X-ray Observatory)
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ScienceDaily: Your source for the latest research news and science breakthroughs -- updated daily
Science News
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Astronomers Discover Largest-ever Dark Matter Structures Spanning 270M Light-years
ScienceDaily (Feb. 22, 2008) — A University of British Columbia astronomer with an international team has discovered the largest structures of dark matter ever seen. Measuring 270 million light-years across, these dark matter structures criss-cross the night sky, each spanning an area that is eight times larger than the full moon.
See also:
Space & Time
* Dark Matter
* Astronomy
* Astrophysics
* Sun
* Cosmology
* Cosmic Rays
Reference
* Large-scale structure of the cosmos
* Astrophysics
* Galaxy formation and evolution
* Dark matter
"The results are a major leap forward since the presence of a cosmic dark matter web that extends over such large distances has never been observed before," says Ludovic Van Waerbeke, an assistant professor in the Dept. of Physics and Astronomy.
To glimpse the unseen structures, the team of French and Canadian scientists "X-rayed" the dark matter, an invisible web that makes up more than 80 per cent of the mass of the universe.
The team used a recently developed technique called "weak gravitational lensing," which is similar to taking an X-ray of the body to reveal the underlying skeleton. The study relied on data gathered from the world's largest digital camera.
"This new knowledge is crucial for us to understand the history and evolution of the cosmos," says Van Waerbeke. "Such a tool will also enable us to glimpse a little more of the nature of dark matter."
The astronomers observed how light from distant galaxies is bent and distorted by webs of dark matter as it travels toward Earth. They then mapped dark matter structures by measuring the distortions seen in these galaxy light patterns.
The study involved 19 researchers from 11 institutions and was led by UBC, the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, the Universite Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) and the University of Victoria. Van Waerbeke and his co-authors will publish their findings in a forthcoming issue of the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics. The submission can be seen at: http://arxiv.org/abs/0712.0884.
The team spent several years developing the gravitational lensing tool, which is one of the major goals of the Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope (CFHT) Legacy Survey.
The gravitational lensing technique also played a pivotal role in another recent UBC first: UBC astrophysicist Catherine Heymans and Van Waerbeke produced jointly with an international team the highest resolution map ever of dark matter.
Adapted from materials provided by University of British Columbia, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
Email or share this story:
| More
Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats:
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University of British Columbia (2008, February 22). Astronomers Discover Largest-ever Dark Matter Structures Spanning 270M Light-years. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2008/02/080221121109.htm
This older image shows how dark matter (blue) has become separated from luminous matter (red) in the bullet cluster. Astronomers have now discovered the largest structures of dark matter ever seen. (Credit: Image courtesy of Chandra X-ray Observatory)
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www.informarehpv.ro
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Information on NovoRapid® for healthcare professionals.
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Dark Fluid: Dark Matter And Dark Energy May Be Two Faces Of Same Coin (Feb. 1, 2008) — Astronomers believe they can "simplify the dark side of the universe" by shedding new light on two of its mysterious constituents. Only 4% of the universe is made of known material - the other 96% is ... > read more
How Fast Does Dark Matter Fall? (Oct. 1, 2006) — Dark matter is mysterious stuff. Scientists don't really know much about it at all, other than the fact that there seems to be a lot of it in the universe. Thanks to a new analysis by physicists at ... > read more
'Filament' Of Dark Matter Supports 'Bubbly' Universe Theory (Oct. 21, 2008) — Despite thousands of years of research, astronomers know next to nothing about how the universe is structured. One strong and accepted theory is that large galaxies are clustered together on ... > read more
Cornell Study Finds That Galaxies Cluster Near Dark Matter (Apr. 22, 2006) — Dark matter has had a major effect on the formation and evolution of galaxies, and bright active galaxies appear to have been born only within dark matter clumps of certain sizes in the young ... > read more
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