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Old Galaxies Stick Together In The Young Universe
ScienceDaily (Apr. 4, 2008) — Using the most sensitive images ever obtained with the United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope (UKIRT), astronomers have found convincing evidence that galaxies which look old early in the history of the Universe reside in enormous clouds of invisible dark matter and will eventually evolve into the most massive galaxies that exist in the present day.
See also:
Space & Time
* Astrophysics
* Galaxies
* Dark Matter
* Cosmology
* Big Bang
* Astronomy
Reference
* Supergiant
* Blue supergiant star
* Galaxy formation and evolution
* Large-scale structure of the cosmos
University of Nottingham PhD student Will Hartley, who led the study, described this research at the RAS National Astronomy Meeting in Belfast on Tuesday 1 April.
The distant galaxies identified in the UKIRT images are considered elderly because they are rich in old, red stars. However, because the light from these systems has taken up to 10 billion years to reach Earth, they are seen as they appeared in the very early Universe, just 4 billion years after the Big Bang. The presence of such fully evolved galaxies so early in the life of the cosmos is hard to explain and has been a major puzzle to astronomers studying how galaxies form and evolve.
Hartley and collaborators used the deep UKIRT images to estimate the mass of the dark matter surrounding the old galaxies by measuring how strongly the galaxies cluster together. All galaxies are thought to form within massive halos of dark matter which collapse under their own gravity from a smooth distribution of matter after the Big Bang.
These halos are invisible to normal telescopes but their mass can be estimated through analysis of galaxy clustering.
Hartley explains "Luckily, even if we don't know what dark matter is, we can understand how gravity will affect it and make it clump together. We can see that the old, red galaxies clump together far more strongly than the young, blue galaxies, so we know that their invisible dark matter halos must be more massive.”
The halos surrounding the old galaxies in the early Universe are found to be extremely massive, containing material which is one hundred thousand billion times the mass of our Sun. In the nearby Universe, halos of this size are known to contain giant elliptical galaxies, the largest galaxies known.
"This provides a direct link to the present day Universe," says Hartley, "and tell us that these distant old galaxies must evolve into the most massive but more familiar elliptical-shaped galaxies we see around us today. Understanding how these enormous elliptical galaxies formed is one of the biggest open questions in modern astronomy and this is an important step in comprehending their history."
Adapted from materials provided by Royal Astronomical Society.
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Royal Astronomical Society (2008, April 4). Old Galaxies Stick Together In The Young Universe. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2008/04/080401160020.htm
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The white arrows point to a few of the old, massive galaxies at a distance of 10 billion light years, discovered in the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep survey. This cut-out image represents just 1/150th of the full survey. (Credit: UKIDSS UDS survey team)
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Related Stories
Cosmologists 'See' The Cosmic Dawn (Feb. 11, 2009) — Scientists have used a computer simulation to predict what the very early universe would have appeared like 500 million years after the "Big ... > read more
Dark Matter Of The Universe Has A Long Lifetime (Oct. 4, 2007) — The universe consists not just of visible celestial bodies, stars, planets and galaxies. It also has a mystical fellow player -- dark matter. The astronomers can measure that the dark matter exists ... > read more
Astronomers View Distant Galaxies Evolving One Billion Years After The Big Bang (Apr. 6, 2008) — UK astronomers have produced the most sensitive infrared map of the distant Universe ever undertaken. Combining data over a period of three years, they have produced an image containing over 100,000 ... > read more
Hubble Survey Reveals Formation Of Universe's First Massive Galaxies (Apr. 28, 2009) — First results from the GOODS NICMOS survey, the largest Hubble Space Telescope program ever led from outside of the United States, reveal how the most massive galaxies in the early universe assembled ... > read more
New Recipe For Dwarf Galaxies: Start With Leftover Gas (Feb. 19, 2009) — There is more than one way to make a dwarf galaxy, and NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer has found a new recipe. The spacecraft has, for the first time, identified dwarf galaxies forming out of ... > read more
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ScienceDaily: Your source for the latest research news and science breakthroughs -- updated daily
Science News
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Old Galaxies Stick Together In The Young Universe
ScienceDaily (Apr. 4, 2008) — Using the most sensitive images ever obtained with the United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope (UKIRT), astronomers have found convincing evidence that galaxies which look old early in the history of the Universe reside in enormous clouds of invisible dark matter and will eventually evolve into the most massive galaxies that exist in the present day.
See also:
Space & Time
* Astrophysics
* Galaxies
* Dark Matter
* Cosmology
* Big Bang
* Astronomy
Reference
* Supergiant
* Blue supergiant star
* Galaxy formation and evolution
* Large-scale structure of the cosmos
University of Nottingham PhD student Will Hartley, who led the study, described this research at the RAS National Astronomy Meeting in Belfast on Tuesday 1 April.
The distant galaxies identified in the UKIRT images are considered elderly because they are rich in old, red stars. However, because the light from these systems has taken up to 10 billion years to reach Earth, they are seen as they appeared in the very early Universe, just 4 billion years after the Big Bang. The presence of such fully evolved galaxies so early in the life of the cosmos is hard to explain and has been a major puzzle to astronomers studying how galaxies form and evolve.
Hartley and collaborators used the deep UKIRT images to estimate the mass of the dark matter surrounding the old galaxies by measuring how strongly the galaxies cluster together. All galaxies are thought to form within massive halos of dark matter which collapse under their own gravity from a smooth distribution of matter after the Big Bang.
These halos are invisible to normal telescopes but their mass can be estimated through analysis of galaxy clustering.
Hartley explains "Luckily, even if we don't know what dark matter is, we can understand how gravity will affect it and make it clump together. We can see that the old, red galaxies clump together far more strongly than the young, blue galaxies, so we know that their invisible dark matter halos must be more massive.”
The halos surrounding the old galaxies in the early Universe are found to be extremely massive, containing material which is one hundred thousand billion times the mass of our Sun. In the nearby Universe, halos of this size are known to contain giant elliptical galaxies, the largest galaxies known.
"This provides a direct link to the present day Universe," says Hartley, "and tell us that these distant old galaxies must evolve into the most massive but more familiar elliptical-shaped galaxies we see around us today. Understanding how these enormous elliptical galaxies formed is one of the biggest open questions in modern astronomy and this is an important step in comprehending their history."
Adapted from materials provided by Royal Astronomical Society.
Email or share this story:
| More
Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats:
APA
MLA
Royal Astronomical Society (2008, April 4). Old Galaxies Stick Together In The Young Universe. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 24, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2008/04/080401160020.htm
enlarge
The white arrows point to a few of the old, massive galaxies at a distance of 10 billion light years, discovered in the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep survey. This cut-out image represents just 1/150th of the full survey. (Credit: UKIDSS UDS survey team)
Ads by Google
Advertise here
Pericole sexuale
Lipsa de educatie sexuala poate duce la deces. Afla mai mult!
www.informarehpv.ro
Cosmic Life in V838
Life being fried by a Cosmic Drama Monocerotis is a Cosmic Chernobyl
www.lavonn.net
UNIX Astronomy Software
Sky maps, Live web data, LX200, Asteroids, Satellites, CCD analysis
www.xephem.com
Levemir®
Info for health care professionals on Levemir® and reduced weight gain
www.NovoNordisk.com
Int. Diabetes Monitor
A free online review journal on trends in clinical diabetes.
InternationalDiabetesMonitor.com
Related Stories
Cosmologists 'See' The Cosmic Dawn (Feb. 11, 2009) — Scientists have used a computer simulation to predict what the very early universe would have appeared like 500 million years after the "Big ... > read more
Dark Matter Of The Universe Has A Long Lifetime (Oct. 4, 2007) — The universe consists not just of visible celestial bodies, stars, planets and galaxies. It also has a mystical fellow player -- dark matter. The astronomers can measure that the dark matter exists ... > read more
Astronomers View Distant Galaxies Evolving One Billion Years After The Big Bang (Apr. 6, 2008) — UK astronomers have produced the most sensitive infrared map of the distant Universe ever undertaken. Combining data over a period of three years, they have produced an image containing over 100,000 ... > read more
Hubble Survey Reveals Formation Of Universe's First Massive Galaxies (Apr. 28, 2009) — First results from the GOODS NICMOS survey, the largest Hubble Space Telescope program ever led from outside of the United States, reveal how the most massive galaxies in the early universe assembled ... > read more
New Recipe For Dwarf Galaxies: Start With Leftover Gas (Feb. 19, 2009) — There is more than one way to make a dwarf galaxy, and NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer has found a new recipe. The spacecraft has, for the first time, identified dwarf galaxies forming out of ... > read more
Search ScienceDaily
Number of stories in archives: 44,032
Find with keyword(s):
Enter a keyword or phrase to search ScienceDaily's archives for related news topics,
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"How To Lose Belly Fat"
Lose 1 Jean Size Every 7 Days! As Seen on CNN.
www.AppliedNutritionalResearch.com
5 Tips to Lose Body Fat
Ab exercises don't burn body fat, but this unique method does.
TruthAboutAbs.com
X-Ray Astronomy A/D
Digitize radio astronomy signals with high resolution PCI A/D boards
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First Stars In The Universe
Astronomers removed light from closer and better known galaxies and stars from pictures taken with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The remaining images. ... > full story
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* Australian oil well to gush for nearly two months
* CIA report has new details of prisoner abuse
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* Gaddafi hugs Lockerbie bomber; Britain denies deal
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Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro Am vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.roAm vazut multe ceasuri superbe pe www.topceas.ro
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