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Primates With Donor Eggs' Mitochondria: Breakthrough Could Help Prevent Some Maternally-based Diseases
ScienceDaily (Aug. 27, 2009) — Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University’s Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) believe they have developed one of the first forms of genetic therapy – a therapy aimed at preventing serious diseases in unborn children. Specifically, the therapy would combat inherited diseases passed on from mothers to their children through mutated DNA in cell mitochondria.
See also:
Health & Medicine
* Genes
* Diseases and Conditions
* Human Biology
Plants & Animals
* Monkeys
* Genetics
* Molecular Biology
Reference
* Huntington's disease
* Embryonic stem cell
* Spermatozoon
* Plant cell
The research is published in the Aug. 26 advance online edition of the journal Nature and will appear in a print edition of the journal at a later date.
“We believe this discovery in nonhuman primates can rapidly be translated into human therapies aimed at preventing inherited disorders passed from mothers to their children through the mitochondrial DNA, such as certain forms of cancer, diabetes, infertility, myopathies and neurodegenerative diseases,” explained Shoukhrat Mitalipov, Ph.D., an associate scientist in the Division of Reproductive Sciences at ONPRC, the Oregon Stem Cell Center and the departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Molecular & Medical Genetics of Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU). “Currently there are 150 known diseases caused by mutations of the mitochondrial DNA, and approximately 1 out of every 200 children is born with mitochondrial mutations.”
Mitochondria are structures that are found in all cells that provide energy for cell growth and metabolism, which is why they are often called the cell’s “power plant.” The structures produce energy to power each individual cell. Mitochondria also carry their own genetic material.
When an egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell during reproduction, the embryo almost exclusively inherits the maternal mitochondria present in the egg. This means that any disease-causing genetic mutations that a mother carries in her mitochondrial DNA can be passed on to her offspring. The method developed by OHSU researchers transfers the mother’s chromosomes to a donated egg that has had its chromosomes removed, but which has healthy mitochondria, thereby preventing the disease from being passed on to one’s offspring.
Here is how the OHSU researchers’ method works: Scientists collected groups of unfertilized eggs from two female rhesus macaque monkeys (monkeys A and B). They then removed the chromosomes, which contain the genes found in the cell nucleus, from the eggs of monkey B, and then transplanted the nuclear genes from the eggs of monkey A into the eggs of monkey B. Then the eggs from monkey B, which now contained their own mitochondria but monkey A’s nuclear genes, were fertilized. The fertilized eggs developed into embryos that were implanted in surrogate monkeys.
The initial implantation of two embryos resulted in the birth of healthy twin monkeys, nicknamed “Mito” and “Tracker” (in reference to the procedure used for imaging of mitochondria). These monkeys are the world’s first animals derived by spindle transfer.
Follow-up testing showed that there was little to no trace of cross-animal mitochondrial transfer using this procedure. This demonstrates that the researchers were successful in isolating nuclear genetic material from mitochondrial genetic material during the transfer process.
“In theory, this research has demonstrated that it is possible to use this therapy in mothers carrying mitochondrial DNA diseases so that we can prevent those diseases from being passed on to their offspring,” added Mitalipov. “We believe that with the proper governmental approvals, our work can rapidly be translated into clinical trials for humans, and, eventually, approved therapies.”
“This breakthrough is an excellent example of how OHSU’s research findings can often be rapidly translated into health therapies that benefit residents of our state and the country as a whole,” said Dr. Joe Robertson, M.D., M.B.A., president of OHSU.
The research was funded by the Oregon National Primate Research Center, the Oregon Stem Cell Center; and the National Center for Research Resources and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, both components of the National Institutes of Health.
Adapted from materials provided by Oregon Health & Science University.
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Oregon Health & Science University (2009, August 27). Primates With Donor Eggs' Mitochondria: Breakthrough Could Help Prevent Some Maternally-based Diseases. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 27, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2009/08/090826152555.htm
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A new scientific breakthrough could help break the chain of several maternally-based diseases passed from generation to generation. The technique has successfully resulted in the birth of twin monkeys named "Mito" and "Tracker," the world's first animals derived by a fertility method called spindle transfer. (Credit: Image courtesy of Oregon Health & Science University)
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Related Stories
How Mutations Are Transmitted From One Generation To The Next (Dec. 15, 2008) — A fundamental process in the transmission of genes from mother to child has been identified. The new study identifies a mechanism that plays a key role in how mutations are transmitted from one ... > read more
Did Evolution Make Us Cancer Prone? (July 3, 2009) — Researchers have discovered that gene mutations that once helped humans survive may increase the possibility for diseases, including ... > read more
How Mitochondrial Disease Is Passed Down From Mother To Child: Predicting Severity (Jan. 31, 2008) — Scientists have shown for the first time how a particular family of diseases are passed down from mother to child and how this can lead to the severity of the disease differing widely. The research ... > read more
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Primates With Donor Eggs' Mitochondria: Breakthrough Could Help Prevent Some Maternally-based Diseases
ScienceDaily (Aug. 27, 2009) — Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University’s Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) believe they have developed one of the first forms of genetic therapy – a therapy aimed at preventing serious diseases in unborn children. Specifically, the therapy would combat inherited diseases passed on from mothers to their children through mutated DNA in cell mitochondria.
See also:
Health & Medicine
* Genes
* Diseases and Conditions
* Human Biology
Plants & Animals
* Monkeys
* Genetics
* Molecular Biology
Reference
* Huntington's disease
* Embryonic stem cell
* Spermatozoon
* Plant cell
The research is published in the Aug. 26 advance online edition of the journal Nature and will appear in a print edition of the journal at a later date.
“We believe this discovery in nonhuman primates can rapidly be translated into human therapies aimed at preventing inherited disorders passed from mothers to their children through the mitochondrial DNA, such as certain forms of cancer, diabetes, infertility, myopathies and neurodegenerative diseases,” explained Shoukhrat Mitalipov, Ph.D., an associate scientist in the Division of Reproductive Sciences at ONPRC, the Oregon Stem Cell Center and the departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Molecular & Medical Genetics of Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU). “Currently there are 150 known diseases caused by mutations of the mitochondrial DNA, and approximately 1 out of every 200 children is born with mitochondrial mutations.”
Mitochondria are structures that are found in all cells that provide energy for cell growth and metabolism, which is why they are often called the cell’s “power plant.” The structures produce energy to power each individual cell. Mitochondria also carry their own genetic material.
When an egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell during reproduction, the embryo almost exclusively inherits the maternal mitochondria present in the egg. This means that any disease-causing genetic mutations that a mother carries in her mitochondrial DNA can be passed on to her offspring. The method developed by OHSU researchers transfers the mother’s chromosomes to a donated egg that has had its chromosomes removed, but which has healthy mitochondria, thereby preventing the disease from being passed on to one’s offspring.
Here is how the OHSU researchers’ method works: Scientists collected groups of unfertilized eggs from two female rhesus macaque monkeys (monkeys A and B). They then removed the chromosomes, which contain the genes found in the cell nucleus, from the eggs of monkey B, and then transplanted the nuclear genes from the eggs of monkey A into the eggs of monkey B. Then the eggs from monkey B, which now contained their own mitochondria but monkey A’s nuclear genes, were fertilized. The fertilized eggs developed into embryos that were implanted in surrogate monkeys.
The initial implantation of two embryos resulted in the birth of healthy twin monkeys, nicknamed “Mito” and “Tracker” (in reference to the procedure used for imaging of mitochondria). These monkeys are the world’s first animals derived by spindle transfer.
Follow-up testing showed that there was little to no trace of cross-animal mitochondrial transfer using this procedure. This demonstrates that the researchers were successful in isolating nuclear genetic material from mitochondrial genetic material during the transfer process.
“In theory, this research has demonstrated that it is possible to use this therapy in mothers carrying mitochondrial DNA diseases so that we can prevent those diseases from being passed on to their offspring,” added Mitalipov. “We believe that with the proper governmental approvals, our work can rapidly be translated into clinical trials for humans, and, eventually, approved therapies.”
“This breakthrough is an excellent example of how OHSU’s research findings can often be rapidly translated into health therapies that benefit residents of our state and the country as a whole,” said Dr. Joe Robertson, M.D., M.B.A., president of OHSU.
The research was funded by the Oregon National Primate Research Center, the Oregon Stem Cell Center; and the National Center for Research Resources and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, both components of the National Institutes of Health.
Adapted from materials provided by Oregon Health & Science University.
Email or share this story:
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Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the following formats:
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Oregon Health & Science University (2009, August 27). Primates With Donor Eggs' Mitochondria: Breakthrough Could Help Prevent Some Maternally-based Diseases. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 27, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2009/08/090826152555.htm
enlarge
A new scientific breakthrough could help break the chain of several maternally-based diseases passed from generation to generation. The technique has successfully resulted in the birth of twin monkeys named "Mito" and "Tracker," the world's first animals derived by a fertility method called spindle transfer. (Credit: Image courtesy of Oregon Health & Science University)
Ads by Google
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Trasnlational Science
11-12 Nov 2009 Zurich First European R&D Summit
www.eyeforpharma.com/TM/
The DNA Ancestry Project
Discover Your Ancestry with DNA. Find Ethnic and Geographic Origins.
www.DNAAncestryProject.com
PD for more than 5 years?
Stem cells therapy in China for PD patients under age 60. From 30K$
www.StemCellsPuhua.com/_Inquire_Now
Cardiovascular Disease
Want to know more about Cardio- vascular Disease? Visit us today!
www.Thrombosisadviser.com
ALS Hospital
Recovery for ALS in China by herbal tea, massage, acupuncture.
www.tcmtreatment.com
Related Stories
How Mutations Are Transmitted From One Generation To The Next (Dec. 15, 2008) — A fundamental process in the transmission of genes from mother to child has been identified. The new study identifies a mechanism that plays a key role in how mutations are transmitted from one ... > read more
Did Evolution Make Us Cancer Prone? (July 3, 2009) — Researchers have discovered that gene mutations that once helped humans survive may increase the possibility for diseases, including ... > read more
How Mitochondrial Disease Is Passed Down From Mother To Child: Predicting Severity (Jan. 31, 2008) — Scientists have shown for the first time how a particular family of diseases are passed down from mother to child and how this can lead to the severity of the disease differing widely. The research ... > read more
Key Cell-Death Step Found (Sep. 24, 2004) — A fundamental cellular event related to programmed cell death has been decoded by cell biologists at UC Davis and Johns Hopkins University. The work could provide insights on two devastating ... > read more
Lighting Up The Heart (Sep. 23, 2006) — For the first time ever, researchers at the University of Bristol have been able to directly measure energy levels inside living heart cells, in real time, using the chemical that causes fireflies to ... > read more
Search ScienceDaily
Number of stories in archives: 44,032
Find with keyword(s):
Enter a keyword or phrase to search ScienceDaily's archives for related news topics,
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Your doctor was wrong
Optic Nerve Hypoplasia is Treatable with umbilical cord stem cells.
www.stemcellschina.com
ECCR 2009
9th-11th October 2009 Nice, France
www.eccr.org
Fast Kidney Stone Relief
All Natural, Safe & Effective Disintegrates Stone Within Days
www.kidneysite.com
Just In:
Dune Formation On Saturn's Largest Moon
Surprising Effects Of Solar Activity On Climate
Why Obama's Dog Has Curly Hair
Huge Planet Orbits 'Wrong' Way Around Star
Extrasolar Hot Jupiter 'Shouldn’t Exist'
Mysterious Glaciers Grew When Asia Heated Up
Tiny Ancient Shells Point To Earliest Fashions
'Plasmobot': First Robot Designed Using Mould
'Plasmobot': First Robot Designed Using Mould
Science Video News
The Taste Gene
In the first study to link taste genes to behavior in children, researchers looked at how natural variations in a recently discovered taste gene. ... > full story
* Newly Sequenced Genome Could Shed Light on Human Diseases
* Sea Urchins' Genetics Add To Knowledge Of Cancer, Alzheimer's And Infertility
* Immunologists Develop Method To Decrease Rejections Of Kidney Transplants
* more science videos
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* Spinal injury drug developed cysts in animals: Geron
* Abbott, Pfizer in pact for lung cancer screening
* EU chemicals law "spells surge in animal testing"
* Steamy heat more common in California: study
* more science news
In Other News ...
* In Chicago, swine flu hit children hardest
* Democrats try to keep health edge post-Kennedy
* New jobless claims fall in latest week
* Prisons, colleges top states' budget cuts: Pew
* Iran MP says rape of some vote detainees proven
* Trade revives as Palestinian cities reconnect
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